Connecting Flask with MongoDB

Now that we have understood what we want to achieve with our schema, lets connect MongoDB to our flask app we started earlier.

Install Flask-PyMongo Open a new terminal in the same folder we were working before (make sure to activate the venv) and run the following command:
```
pip install Flask-PyMongo
```
Configure Flask to Connect to MongoDB

Update app.py to Include MongoDB Configuration:

from flask import Flask
from flask_pymongo import PyMongo

app = Flask(__name__)

# Set up MongoDB configuration
app.config["MONGO_URI"] = "mongodb://<YOUR-CONNECTION-STRING>/<YOUR-DATABASE-NAME>"

# Initialize PyMongo
mongo = PyMongo(app)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return "Hello, Flask and MongoDB!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

Best Practices for Database Connection Storing your connection string inside the code is considered bad practice and it can be hard to change in the future and can also be compromised in the event of a code leak.

Use Environment Variables: Store database connection strings and credentials securely.

Install python-dotenv: Install the python-dotenv package using the following command:
```
pip install python-dotenv
```
Create a .env File: Create a new file called .env inside the same folder and add your connection string in the following format:
```
MONGO_URI=mongodb://<YOUR-CONNECTION-STRING>/<YOUR-DATABASE-NAME>
```

Load Environment Variables in app.py:

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from flask import Flask
from flask_pymongo import PyMongo

load_dotenv()  # Load environment variables from .env file

app = Flask(__name__)

# Set up MongoDB configuration
app.config["MONGO_URI"] = os.getenv("MONGO_URI")

# Initialize PyMongo
mongo = PyMongo(app)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return "Hello, Flask and MongoDB!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

Ensure there are no errors when you run the app now.